Qualitative study identifies targets for physical activity support during menopause

A qualitative study published in Menopause used the Behavior Change Wheel to develop strategies supporting physical activity during the menopause transition. Researchers integrated data from three focus groups involving 14 perimenopausal and postmenopausal women, aged 51.5±2.2 years, with findings from six qualitative studies. They coded the data using the Theoretical Domains Framework and the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation–Behavior model to identify determinants of activity and select intervention components aimed at supporting adherence to UK physical activity guidelines.

The analysis identified 14 behavioral determinants across capability, opportunity, and motivation. Key targets included menopause-related physical capabilities and self-efficacy, caregiving identities that deprioritize personal health, and anxiety about public exercise environments. Proposed strategies included menopause-specific support for safe activity, inclusive and nonjudgmental exercise settings, positive role models, action planning, and graded tasks. Education and training were identified as ways to build confidence and skills.

The findings offer a framework for developing activity support tailored to women's midlife experiences, rather than evidence of an effective intervention. The small primary focus-group sample and qualitative design limit conclusions about wider applicability. No changes in physical activity participation or cardiovascular outcomes were reported; the proposed package requires evaluation.