Uterine cancer incidence rises in 13 countries, with marked birth-cohort differences

A registry-based observational study of women aged 30–84 in 24 countries found rising uterine corpus cancer incidence in 13 countries during 1998–2017. Increases were steepest among women aged 30–34, and birth-cohort effects were detected in 10 countries with rising incidence.

Incidence increased in 13 of 24 countries during 1998–2017.
Increases were steepest among women aged 30–34.
Birth-cohort effects occurred in 10 countries with rising incidence.
The analysis does not establish specific causal exposures.

Researchers examined uterine corpus cancer incidence among women aged 30–84 in 24 countries during 1998–2017 using Cancer Incidence in Five Continents Plus, NORDCAN, and NAACCR data. Age-period-cohort models estimated annual incidence changes and cohort and period rate ratios, covering birth cohorts from 1914–1922 through 1979–1987. The abstract did not report the number of cancer cases.

Incidence increased in 13 countries, declined in Austria and Finland, and remained stable in nine. Annual increases were greatest in Thailand (3.58%; 95% CI, 2.78–4.38), Belarus (3.32%; 3.06–3.57), and Türkiye (3.01%; 2.35–3.67). Increases were steepest among women aged 30–34, exceeding 5% annually in Thailand and the United Kingdom.

Birth-cohort effects were detected in 15 countries, including 10 of the 13 with increasing incidence. Comparing women born circa 1983 with those born circa 1953, model-based cohort rate ratios adjusted for age differences and period deviations were 3.45 in the United Kingdom (95% CI, 2.67–4.46), 3.08 in Thailand (1.64–5.79), and 3.03 in Belarus (2.19–4.21).

These findings suggest that generational differences in risk may contribute to rising incidence, particularly among younger women. However, this observational, model-based analysis does not establish which exposures explain the trends. The authors highlight the potential importance of early-life exposures; assessment here is limited to the abstract because full text was unavailable.

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Source

JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute: Trends in incidence rates of uterine corpus cancer by birth cohort in 24 countries, 1998-2017 ↗

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