Review outlines integrated cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic care for youth

Cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, and metabolic disorders—including those associated with abnormal adiposity and insulin resistance—are interconnected, the authors write. The review applies the American Heart Association’s CKM framework to youth, noting that risk factors may emerge from preconception through early childhood and are shaped by life-course and social determinants of health. It contextualizes pediatric CKM screening and management but does not report a new clinical study or patient sample.

The authors propose care models within academic learning healthcare systems that bring together patients, families, caregivers, communities, and professionals such as dietitians, pharmacists, social workers, counselors, and nurse coordinators. Suggested elements include shared longitudinal care plans and autonomy-focused coaching during the transition from pediatric to adult services. The article presents a conceptual roadmap for designing and evaluating these models; it does not establish their effectiveness or provide new trial evidence. Its proposals are therefore a framework for future care and research, rather than evidence that a particular model improves outcomes.