Endocrinology news.

A preclinical study combined single-cell sequencing, spatial transcriptomics and bone marrow transplantation to investigate TREM2-expressing macrophages in diabetic kidneys. TREM2 deficiency worsened glomerular and tubulointerstitial injury, with findings suggesting distinct protective roles for resident and donor-derived cells.

An observational study of two real-world cohorts assessed glucosuria as a potential marker of SGLT2 inhibitor adherence. Among 45,711 prescribed patients, glucosuria was associated with lower risks of mortality, heart failure hospitalization, and end-stage kidney disease over a mean 3.3 years.

A commentary in Diabetes Care calls for automated insulin delivery systems tailored to pregnancy in women with type 1 diabetes. The authors highlight limitations of current U.S. systems and urge inclusion of pregnant participants in trials; the available abstract reports no new study results.

A prespecified SELECT analysis of 7,594 participants treated with semaglutide for at least one year found that baseline clinical characteristics explained less than 10% of variation in peak weight loss. Median peak weight loss was 12.5%, reached after a median of 19 months.

An expert forum review in Diabetes Care challenges the view of insulin resistance as a uniform condition. Convened in September 2025, the forum examined measurement methods, insulin signaling, current therapies, and research priorities for more targeted treatments.

The FDA approved Emcitate (tiratricol) as the first FDA-approved therapy for peripheral thyrotoxicosis in MCT8 deficiency. Evidence came from a randomized, placebo-controlled trial and a longer-term open-label study involving infants through adults; the announcement did not report sample sizes or numerical treatment effects.

An observational questionnaire analysis of 963 DCCT/EDIC participants found intermediate/high obstructive sleep apnea risk in 64% and poor sleep quality in 43%. Higher HbA1c was associated with greater odds of sleep problems, while several diabetes complications showed specific associations.

An observational analysis of 422 youth with type 1 diabetes evaluated insulin dose–adjusted HbA1c against stimulated C-peptide within 12 months of diagnosis. The conventional cutoff had 61% sensitivity overall and 45% in participants with overweight or obesity, raising concerns about its use to identify partial remission.

In OUTSTAND-1, a randomized, double-blind phase 3 trial involving 284 adults in China, oral safiglipron reduced HbA1c versus placebo over 32 weeks. Weight reductions were modest, and adverse-event discontinuations increased across the tested doses.

Federal prosecutors announced conspiracy and smuggling charges against two Indian nationals over an alleged counterfeit Ozempic distribution scheme. According to court documents, distribution continued after an FDA seizure and public warning in December 2023.

A retrospective US registry study of 725,205 patients hospitalized for heart failure found that 71.9% had at least two additional cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic conditions. Increasing multimorbidity was associated with higher mortality and readmission risks, with the strongest associations in patients with reduced ejection fraction.

A multinational retrospective study of 18,326 adults with biopsy-confirmed MASLD found less advanced fibrosis in lean patients but no independent association between lean status and mortality or clinical events. Advanced fibrosis was associated with poorer outcomes, while liver stiffness measurement showed good diagnostic accuracy in lean patients.