Nephrology news.

WHO and Saudi Arabia announced funding agreements supporting malaria and cholera services in Yemen and dialysis for Sudanese refugees in Egypt. Saudi Arabia also formalized a previously announced US$500 million commitment to global polio eradication through agreements with WHO and UNICEF.

A multicenter observational study evaluated iBox in 3,866 North American kidney transplant recipients, including 1,040 African American recipients. Discrimination and calibration were similar between African American and non-African American recipients, supporting its prognostic use up to seven years after risk assessment.

A preclinical study combined single-cell sequencing, spatial transcriptomics and bone marrow transplantation to investigate TREM2-expressing macrophages in diabetic kidneys. TREM2 deficiency worsened glomerular and tubulointerstitial injury, with findings suggesting distinct protective roles for resident and donor-derived cells.

A preclinical study tested abemaciclib in cyst assays, organ cultures, and mice with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. Early treatment arrested cyst progression, while late treatment produced sex-dependent effects; efficacy and safety in patients remain unestablished.

A single-nucleus RNA sequencing study analyzed 860,869 nuclei from kidney regions in mice aged 4, 20, and 25 months. Anatomical location was a stronger determinant of transcriptional states than age, with a stress-associated podocyte state enriched in the juxtamedullary region.

An observational study of two real-world cohorts assessed glucosuria as a potential marker of SGLT2 inhibitor adherence. Among 45,711 prescribed patients, glucosuria was associated with lower risks of mortality, heart failure hospitalization, and end-stage kidney disease over a mean 3.3 years.

A preclinical study examined translocator protein (TSPO) in mouse kidney injury models and cultured tubular cells. Tubule-specific TSPO deletion and treatment with the antagonist PK11195 reduced kidney injury, inflammation and fibrosis in mice; clinical efficacy remains untested.

A review in the Journal of the American Society of Nephrology summarizes evidence linking high-volume hemodiafiltration to lower mortality and hospitalization than high-flux hemodialysis. It highlights achieved convective volume and prescription variables, but the supplied abstract provides no sample sizes or quantitative effect estimates.

A review in the Journal of the American Society of Nephrology evaluates dialysis modalities using patient-important outcomes rather than clearance targets alone. It identifies high-volume online hemodiafiltration as having the strongest evidence among extracorporeal therapies, while noting uncertainty when high convection volumes cannot be achieved.

A technical report accompanying the American Academy of Pediatrics’ 2026 UTI guideline explains a revised diagnostic definition for children aged eight days to five years. The panel retained pyuria as a diagnostic criterion and revised inflammation and culture criteria according to age and testing circumstances.

A retrospective US registry study of 725,205 patients hospitalized for heart failure found that 71.9% had at least two additional cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic conditions. Increasing multimorbidity was associated with higher mortality and readmission risks, with the strongest associations in patients with reduced ejection fraction.